In an interview with the Yediot Ahronot newspaper, published on Monday, Olmert also said that peace with Syria would require withdrawal from the Golan Heights.
"[I am saying] what no previous Israeli leader has ever said: we should withdraw from almost all of the territories, including in East Jerusalem and in the Golan Heights," he was quoted as saying.
Olmert resigned on September 21 amid corruption allegations and will officially step down once a new government has been formed.
Olmert and Mahmoud Abbas, the Palestinian president, agreed at a meeting in the United States last November to push for a comprehensive peace deal before the end of the year.
Yediot Ahronot noted that the remarks in its "legacy interview" go further than any the prime minister made before he effectively became a lame duck in September.
Stalled talks
Peace talks between the two sides have stalled over the borders of a future Palestinian state, the future status of Jerusalem and the right to return of Palestinian refugees.
The construction of new Jewish settlements in the West Bank and Arab East Jerusalem, which Palestinians see as the capital of a future state, have also proved to be a major obstacle.
According to Western and Palestinian officials, Olmert has previously proposed an Israeli withdrawal from some 93 per cent of the occupied West Bank. Israel pulled out of the Gaza Strip in 2005.
In exchange for settlement enclaves, Olmert has suggested handing over a desert territory adjacent to the Gaza Strip, as well as land on which to build a transit corridor between Gaza and the West Bank.
Ahmed Qurie, the Palestinian chief negotiator at the peace talks, told the Reuters news agency before Olmert's interview was published, that the annexation of settlement blocs would prevent the Palestinians from establishing a viable and contiguous state.
"We can't have a state with settlements dividing the land," he said.
Another senior Palestinian negotiator said that the areas Olmert had proposed to handover "are lands we don't want".
Syria negotiations
During his time in office, Olmert reopened indirect negotiations, through Turkey, with Syria after an eight-year freeze.
"I'd like see if there is one serious person in the State of Israel who believes it is possible to make peace with the Syrians without eventually giving up the Golan Heights," he said in the interview.
Israel annexed the territory in 1981, a move never recognised by the world community.
More than 18,000 Syrians, mostly Druze, are left from the Golan's original population of 150,000 people. The region now is home to nearly 20,000 Jewish settlers.
Agencies
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